The WAEC syllabus for Dyeing and Bleaching is the topic you must study to sit for the examination. It contains the aims and objectives, notes and format for the Dyeing and Bleaching exam.
Studying the Dyeing and Bleaching syllabus is necessary for your exam preparation. It will serve as a guide for you to know the topics to read. There are also notes on concepts you should pay attention to learning.
Exam preparations without using the Dyeing and Bleaching syllabus are like going to the farm without your agricultural tools. You will end up not being productive.
Ensure you begin your exam preparations using the syllabus.
This post contains the Dyeing and Bleaching syllabus and recommended textbooks of the West African Examination Council (WAEC).
Table of contents
WAEC Dyeing and Bleaching
This syllabus is intended to create a platform for an objective assessment of candidates’ understanding of the socio-economic prospects of Dyeing and Bleaching.
Through this, the extent of their skills in exploiting Dyeing and Bleaching for wealth creation, self-sustainability and poverty eradication shall be evaluated.
Objectives
Candidates will be tested on their
- knowledge and practical skill in the functional and productive manipulation of dyes and chemicals on fabrics;
- creative ingenuity in visual representations;
- ability to produce finished designed fabric for appreciation and economic patronage;
- understanding of the safety measures in executing dyeing and bleaching.
Scheme of Examination
There will be three papers, Papers 1, 2, and 3, all of which should be taken. Papers 1 and 2 shall be a composite paper to be taken in one sitting.
PAPER 1: The paper will consist of forty multiple-choice questions drawn from the entire syllabus.
Candidates will be required to answer all the questions in 45 minutes for 40 marks.
PAPER 2: The paper will consist of six essay-type questions out of which candidates will be required to answer any four of the questions in 1 hour 40 minutes for 60 marks.
PAPER 3: This paper will evaluate candidates’ skills in tie-dye, batik and printing. The paper shall have three alternatives:
- Tie-dye;
- Batik (Wax or Starch Resist)
- Printing. Candidates shall answer the question(s) of the alternatives only.
The paper shall be rendered on fabric with dye-resist materials and printing inks.
Each alternative shall carry 100 marks.
Candidates shall have 30 minutes for preparation after which the test will commence and last for four hours.
The test will be conducted and assessed on the spot by a visiting Examiner appointed by the West African Examinations Council (WAEC).
The question paper will be made available to candidates at least two weeks before the date of the test.
WAEC Dyeing and Bleaching Syllabus
Introduction to Tie Fye
- Meaning of tie-dye
- Types of tie-dye designs
- Materials and tools for tie-dye
Colour Manipulation and Motif Formation
- Definition of colour
- Classes of colours
- Formation of motifs for designs
- Using motifs to create impressions on the fabric
- Creation of patterns e.g repeat, mirror, half-drop, half slide, block etc.
Safety and Precautions
- Safety materials to be used when dyeing e.g. nose and mouth masks, rubber gloves, apron, cold water, petroleum jelly e.t.c.
- Proper storage of chemicals
- Proper handling of electrical appliances
- Importance of safety precautions
Preparation of Dye
- Meaning of dye
- Types of dyes e.g.(synthetic and natural dyes)-cold-water dye(reactive), warm / hot-water dye (Dylon) etc.
- Preparation of dye bath
Dyeing Processes
- Dyeing procedures
- Plain dyeing
- Pattern dyeing e.g tieing techniques, marbling
- Finishing (oxidation, washing, starching, ironing and packaging)
Introduction to Batik
- Meaning of batik
- Types of batik e.g freehand, splashing, cracking, blocking, etc
- Materials and tools for batik e.g wax, fabric, tjanting, form, starch, yam, flour, dyes etc
Batik
- Wax resist method
- Preparation of fabric, wax and other materials
- Waxing techniques and precautions
- Oxidation and de-waxing
- Finishing.
- Start resist method
- Meaning of starch
- Materials and tools for starch resist technique
- Preparation of paste
- Safety and precautions in starch resist method
- Different methods of starch resistance e.g. stencilling, freehand drawing, screening and stamping
- Oxidation and removal of starch
- Finishing
Fabric Printing
- Meaning of printing
- Printing techniques e.g relief process (lino), intaglio, silkscreen etc.
- Tools, materials and equipment for printing
- Motif formation
- The production process of fabric printing
- Finishing
Tie-Dye and Printing
- Introduction to tie-dye printing
- Techniques used to print on tie-dye e.g. direct printing, discharge printing, resist printing, transfer printing, etc.
- Materials and tools for tie-dye and printing
- Finishing
- Meaning of bleaching
- Types of bleaching e.g chlorine bleaching and oxygen bleaching
- Materials and tools for bleaching e.g fabric, chemicals( choloros, caustic soda, hydrosulphite etc).
- Application of bleach on fabric.
List of Materials, Tools and Equipment
- Alum
- Bee wax
- Boiling ring / Electric Kettle
- Bowls of different sizes
- Brown paper or old newspaper
- Brushes, sable and bristle
- Cardboard
- Caustic soda, hydrosulphite, chlorine, chlorous, sodium chloride
- Chisel
- Cutting knives
- Cutting saw/ machine
- Drawing pins
- Drawing sheet
- Dye stuffs
- Eraser
- Fabric (assorted)
- Foam
- Frame for stretching fabric and a medium sized screen printing frame
- Generator
- Hand drier
- Pressing iron
- Lino sheets
- Lino cutters
- Long table for printing
- Masking tapes
- Metal pot
- Plastic
- Mixing cups
- Needle and thread
- Nylon(thick or carpet)
- Padded table
- Paddle stick and ladle
- Palette knife
- Pegs
- Pencil
- Plastic buckets
- Poster colour
- Raffia/twine
- Rubber gloves
- Rubber rollers
- Rulers
- Spoons
- Spraying gun, automizer machine
- Squeegee
- Stapler
- Stove
- Tjanting
- Template(different sizes)
- Texfast ink
- Wax
- Wooden hanger
- Thimbles
- Opaque ink
- Mesh
- Seriset and bichromate (blue emotion)
- Lacquer
- Plain glass
- Starch
